National approaches for citizen data management in response to COVID-19: An overview and implications of contact tracing apps in 21 countries

The COVID-19 pandemic brings the topic of citizen data management (CDAMA) into public eye. This study is one first attempts to analyze national approaches for CDAMA applied by governments different countries and continents in sectors. conducts a systematic overview representative contact tracing apps 21 four continents, collecting information aspects system. It then summarizes analyzes various governments’ system based on app overview. We found that priority between safety (i.e., health this study) privacy terms their CDAMA. For example, Asian are more intrusive hold stricter attitude approach than elsewhere. Our has contributions both theoretically practically. Theoretically, it fills literature gap about discussing governments; practically, provides background as well implications future debates discussions use.